World Religion Database: glossary

Data source: Gina A. Zurlo, ed., World Religion Database (Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2025).

Glossary item Definition
adherents Followers, supporters, members, believers, devotees of a religion.
adult A person who is over 14 years of age.
affiliated Followers of a religion enrolled and known to its leadership, usually with names written on rolls.
Afro-American spiritists Followers of Afro-Brazilian, Afro-Cuban and other African religious survivals in the Americas, low spiritists, syncretising Catholicism with African and Amerindian animistic religions.
agnostics Persons who lack a religion or profess unbelief in a religion. The term includes (1) classical agnostics (who hold that it is impossible to know for certain whether God or deity of any kind exists); (2) those who profess uncertainty as to the existence of God; and (3) other nonreligious persons such as secularists.
Ahmadiya (Ahmadiyya) Ex-Shia Muslim messianic movement, pronounced heretical by Pakistan, following 1889 founder Ghulam Ahmad.
Anglicans Christians related to the Anglican Communion, tracing their origin back to the ancient British (Celtic) and English churches; including Anglican dissidents.
animism The attribution of consciousness and personality to natural phenomena such as thunder and fire, and to objects such as rocks and trees.
atheists Persons who reject the idea of any deity. The term also includes opponents of theism and of organised religion who otherwise might be considered agnostics (qv).
Baha'is Followers of the Bahai World Faith, founded in 1844 by Bahaullah in what is now Iran.
birth rate The number of births per year in a population, expressed as a percentage or permillage of the total population.
Buddhists Followers of the Buddha, mostly across Asia, including three main traditions: (a) Mahayana (Greater Vehicle); (b) Theravada (Teaching of the Elders); (c) Tibetan (Lamaists); plus (d) traditional Buddhist groups, but excluding neo-Buddhist new religions or religious movements.
cargo cults Religious movements in Oceania based on prophecies that if appropriate religious rites are performed, God will send ships and aircraft filled with cargo and goods.
Catholics All Christians in communion with the Church of Rome, also known as Roman Catholics. Affiliated Catholics are defined here as baptised Catholics plus catechumens.
census Large-scale formal act of counting or evaluating of people and property.
Charismatics Baptised members affiliated to non-Pentecostal denominations who have entered into the experience of being filled with the Holy Spirit.
children All persons under 15 years old, though often a distinction is made between infants (04 years old) and children proper, 514 years old.
Chinese folk-religionists Followers of traditional Chinese religion (comprising a mixture of some or all of the following: local deities including Daoist ones, ancestor veneration, Confucian ethics, Chinese universism, divination and magic, some Buddhist elements).
Christian Brethren Independent Fundamentalist Protestant tradition formed in 1828 out of the Church of England; also called Open Brethren.
Christians Followers of Jesus Christ of all kinds: all traditions and confessions and all degrees of commitment.
Confucianists Followers of the teachings of Confucius and Confucianism. Sometimes spelt Confucians.
continent Any of the United Nations major areas of Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, Northern America and Oceania
conversion Change in a persons allegiance or membership in one religion to allegiance or membership in another.
converts Persons who have become followers of a religion, leaving their former religion or nonreligion.
country Term covering both (1) sovereign nations and (2) non-sovereign territories (dependencies or colonies) that are not integral parts of larger parent nations.
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Religions

Data on 18 categories of religion, including non-religious, by country, province, and people.

Countries and regions

Data on all religions, Christian activities, and trends.

Denominations

Membership data, year begun, and rates of change.

Cities & provinces

Population and religion data on all major cities & provinces.

Peoples & languages

Detailed information covering religion, culture, and geography.

Archive

A repository of historical data, including a chronology of Christianity from the 1st to 21st centuries.